EFFECTIVENESS OF RETROWALKING AND FORWARD WALKING TREADMILL TRAINING ON LEVEL OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY IN UNTRAINED YOUNG ADULTS: PROTOCOL FOR A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Ajith  Soman; Muhammad Najeeb  Kallidukkil; Sunil  Chandy; Haripriya  Santhakumar; Bibin  Scaria

doi:10.15621/ijphy/2019/v6i2/181909

Authors

Ajith Soman Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Najeeb Kallidukkil Department of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sunil Chandy Department of Clinical Lab Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;
Haripriya Santhakumar Laxmi Memorial College of Physiotherapy, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India;
Bibin Scaria Department of Clinical Lab Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15621/ijphy/2019/v6i2/181909

Keywords:

treadmill walking, retro walking, C- reactive protein, abdominal obesity

Abstract

Background: Retro walking has been shown to require increased metabolic cost and cardiopulmonary demand compared with forward walking at the same speeds. Levels of C reactive protein and abdominal adiposity are related directly to the risk of cardiovascular disease. The study aims to compare the effect of retro walking treadmill training and that of forward walking treadmill training on C-reactive protein levels and abdominal adiposity in untrained young adults.

Methods: In this comparative experimental study, 250 participants will be recruited by using purposive sampling and allocated randomly to two groups. One group will undergo retro walking treadmill training for five sessions a week for six weeks, and the other group will undergo forward walking treadmill training for the same period. The waist-hip ratio will be calculated, and blood samples to measure CRP levels will be taken before and after the 6-week intervention.

Results: The data will be tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis, by the paired and unpaired t-tests and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, it is the first experimental study to compare the effect of retro walking treadmill training and forward walking treadmill training on C-reactive protein levels and abdominal adiposity in untrained young adults. The results of the study will throw light on which type of training, to what extent, might help lower cardiovascular4risk in young adults.

References

Terblanche E, Page C, Kroff J, Venter RE. The effect of backward locomotion training on the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of young women. Int J Sports Med. 2005; 26: 214-219.

Lapice E et al. Abdominal adiposity is associated with elevated C- Reactive protein independent of BMI in healthy non-obese people. Diabetes care. 2009; 32(9): 1734-1736.

Freiberg MS, Pencina MJ, D’Agostino, Lanier K, Wilson PW, Vasan RS. BMI vs. waist circumference for identifying vascular risk. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16: 463– 469.

Kim MS et al. Increased Abdominal Adiposity in Adolescents and Young Adults with Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 100(8):E1153-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-4033.

C- reactive protein concentrations as a marker of inflammation or infection for interpreting biomarkers of micronutrient status. (Internet). World Health Organization 2014.Availablefrom:httpp://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/133708/1/WHONMHNHDEPG14.7eng.pdf.

PepysMG, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: a critical update. J Clin Invest. 2003; 111(12): 299.

García-Lorda P, Bullo M, Balanza R, Salas-Salvado J. C-Reactive Protein, Adiposity And Cardiovascular Risk Factors In A Mediterranean Population. Int J Obes. 2005 Mar 30: 468-474.

Flynn, TW, Connery, SM, Smutok, MA, Zeballos, RJ, and Weisman, IM. Comparison of cardiopulmonary responses to forward and backward walking and running. Med Sci Sports Exerc.1994;26:89–94.

Anadkat H, Soman A, Dhanesh Kumar K U. Effectiveness of Retro walking treadmill training on pain and disability in Knee osteoarthritis: A Randomized controlled trail. Int J Pharm Bio Sci.2015; 6(4):43-50.

Ordway JD, Laubach LL, Vanderburgh PM, Jackson KJ. The effect of backwards running training on forward running economy in trained males. Journal of strength and conditioning research. 2016; 30(3):763-767.

Salazar J, Martínez MS, Chávez M, Toledo A, Anez R, Torres Y, Apruzzese V, Silva C, Rojas J and Bermudez Vl. C-reactive protein: clinical and epidemiological perspectives. Cardiol Res Pract. 2014;2014:605810.

WHO (2011). Waist Circumference and Waist- Hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation, Geneva, 8-11December 2008. Technical report, World Health Organisation.

Dangi A, Nirbhavane U. Comparison of forward walking versus backward walking on level surface on body composition in obese individuals in the age group of 20- 40 years. IJSRP.2014: 4(4); 2250-60.

Lakka TA, Lakka H, Rankinen T, Leon AS, Rao DC, Skinner JS, Wilmore JH, Bouchard C. Effect of exercise training on plasma levels of C-reactive protein in healthy adults: the HERITAGE Family Study. Eur Heart J. 2005; 26(19): 2018- 25.

Ying Lee CM, Huxley RR, Wildman RP, Woodward M. Indices of abdominal obesity are better discriminators of cardiovascular risk factors than BMI: a meta-analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008.61(7): 66- 53.

EFFECTIVENESS OF RETROWALKING AND FORWARD WALKING TREADMILL TRAINING ON LEVEL OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY IN UNTRAINED YOUNG ADULTS: PROTOCOL FOR A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

References

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section